Long River Technology - Project Management Software
The software system platform is used for collaborative management of business processes among multiple departments within the company. Multi-level approval and workflow processes based on a simple list workflow engine or a 2D graphical process workflow engine, connecting multiple functional departments such as budget management, revenue and expenditure management, procurement management, project management, asset management, and contract management Business. And because of this, the business data of each department can be concentrated, and more overall statistics and data management can be done. The quantified business data can better assist the senior management to make strategic decisions.
Detailed job configuration, authority management, capital limit, and multi-level approval can minimize business operation risks. According to the customer's actual business process, analyze and organize, customize and solidify the business process based on the information management system on demand, minimize the operating cost of the business process, improve the turnover rate of the business process and reduce the overall average business processing cycle, and improve the overall operating efficiency of the company .
The centralized management and control of budget revenue and expenditure can detect financial risks early and deal with them accordingly. It also accumulates a certain amount of historical business data, which facilitates better budget planning, quota allocation, and revenue and expenditure forecasting.
Centralized procurement and asset management manages the entire life cycle chain of material assets from purchase application, supplier, execution, invoice, logistics to warehousing, lease, use, allocation, disposal, etc. Observation, measurement, statistics, management, forecasting, and analysis of asset resource flow and usage from a cycle perspective.
At the same time, for specific projects and contracts, there are also different dimensions that can deeply observe and control specific businesses, so as to better create value for companies.
SMS and mobile phone support facilitate the company's field personnel, personnel on business trips and company leaders to participate in company-related business anytime and anywhere, and maximize the seamless link between the company's human capital and human resources.
The construction of this project includes 6 major aspects, demand analysis, basic procurement, system integration, software development, online operation, and training support.
(1) Demand analysis: observe the business operation of the existing company, communicate with relevant personnel, collect commonly used Excel sheets and table cases, and clarify the relationship and organizational structure between business departments. Organize and document the key business processes and demand use cases, design the database structure of the main key business, and conduct quantitative analysis on the storage data volume of key business data at different time scales and business perspectives, so as to facilitate subsequent design of appropriate deployment implementation plans and software development , support training and contingency plans.
(2) Basic procurement: including server, basic software authorization, computer room operation (or hosting, or overall procurement of cloud basic services), software development projects, follow-up services, etc.
(3) System integration: physical server configuration, network configuration, basic software installation and debugging, basic operation and maintenance monitoring, database installation and configuration, Web server installation and configuration, network firewall configuration, etc.
(4) Software development: develop the collaborative management system that is actually needed, and may submit a test version (or screenshot) to communicate with customers in the middle of the process to confirm that the details are consistent and obtain feedback in advance.
(5) On-line operation: install and configure the system, including the test version and the production environment version.
(6) Training support: including preparation of instructions, training, consultation and resolution of problems encountered in actual use.
Complex systems can be divided into decomposable complex Complicated and indecomposable complex Complex. The relationship between the actual things in the world is intricate, interrelated and interdependent, and it is impossible to simply break them down and treat them simply. When people face a large number of highly complex things, it is like a blind man feeling an elephant. It is difficult to obtain an overall understanding, and he can only recognize it based on the feet or legs he feels. Highly complex things usually need to be recognized and observed separately from the height dimension, and people can only simply recognize the dimensions of the 3-dimensional space and below, and the higher dimensions can only rely on people's experience and imagination in the 3-dimensional space In reasoning and imagination, there are bound to be different cognitions and errors between different people. In the face of more and more complicated affairs, it is becoming more and more difficult for people to communicate accurately, or the cost of accurate communication is getting higher and higher. It cannot be completed within an acceptable range, and only a series of similarly simple things can be combined to approximate and express and communicate complex things, so there will inevitably be errors. Faced with different error tolerances, approximation costs, and cognitive ranges, people may choose a relatively optimal combination among various approximation combinations, but it may not be absolutely optimal.
Ideal things are simple systems or complex systems that can be decomposed. At this time, the system or complex system can be decomposed into multi-layer structures through multi-level decomposition. The number of each layer is within the manageable range of human cognition. (For example, 7), simplifies complex problems through multi-layer decomposition to achieve the goal of solving problems within the expected psychology, construction period, and budget. Therefore, the management method and management organization constructed correspond to the hierarchical, structured and tree-like ones. The traditional theoretical basis of project management is also based on the hierarchical decomposition structure of WBS work task decomposition. People have solved many major problems by decomposing complex things hierarchically. For example, the most common provinces, cities, districts, and counties decompose complex national administrative management into relatively simple regional management issues. The waterfall model of traditional software development and process-based management methods such as CMMI/CMM also need to decompose problems in the complex software field before they can be divided into different stages of different processes, and professional tools and methods are used to solve problems.
In practice, there may still be a large number of undecomposable complexities, or decomposable complexities that have not yet been properly decomposed. Knowledge, adjustment error, acceptance decomposition. In the face of a large number of unstable decomposition structures and organizational relationships, it is obviously not appropriate to directly use hierarchical, structured, and tree-like management methods and management organizations. Frequent adjustments to the hierarchical tree-like relationship itself will consume a lot of time. Cost, at this time, it is the best choice to choose a flat structure to store and manage things. However, if you choose a flat horizontal storage and management method, the number of things directly faced by the manager will soon exceed 7, 49, 100, 1000 or more. When it exceeds the limit of human cognition and management, these Fragmented things can get out of control and become unmanageable when they decompose, and it is back to the stage where the blind man feels the elephant and crosses the river by feeling the stones.
The emergence and development of computer technology has greatly expanded people's ability and dimension of data acquisition, processing and control. With the help of powerful computing power, people can use numerical approximation algorithms on a large scale to iteratively fit complex curves and surfaces using simple geometric basic graphic elements such as line segments and triangles. These curves and surfaces may not be able to use any equation. To accurately express, describe, communicate and calculate them, but now they can be approximated by a large number of line segments and triangles. From a practical point of view, people's eyes can no longer distinguish these approximate errors. Therefore, these technologies are widely used in computer graphics synthesis, car lamp free-form surface light source design, 3D games and so on.
Compared with the traditional project management process, flow, organizational structure and methods, the agile and iterative project management method adopts similar principles. With the computing power support of the relevant project management cloud platform, it can use smaller-scale processes, decomposition, Organizations and other structures iteratively approach large-scale indecomposable surface objects, fractional dimensional objects, or high-dimensional objects, or surface objects or polyline segment objects that can be decomposed but have not yet been decomposed.
Any system, mature product, or organizational structure that has been operating maturely in the world for many years, in addition to the explicit structure that can be decomposed and the structure that has been decomposed, also contains a large amount of information that has not been clearly described by words and data. The complex relationship and structural information expressed can be decomposed into two parts for these systems, one part is the decomposed linear structure expressed in clear written records, and the other part is the nonlinear structure that has not yet been clearly decomposed linearly. Just like the real number axis, any two clearly expressed rational numbers, no matter how close they are, there are still infinitely many irrational numbers between them. No matter how many existing texts, decompositions, structures, theories, and linear cognitions are faced with complex things, with the infinite reduction of approximation accuracy and cognitive scale, the limited space they occupy and the weight of their influence on things are also infinitely reduced. So close to 0, a large number of unexpressed facts hidden behind are gradually presented to people in a non-linear way, occupying the weight of the actual space size and the influence on the development of things.
When people actually interact with the complex world, they don’t need to infinitely magnify the cognitive precision and fall into the ocean of information. When the proper precision can ensure people’s continued survival, the goal can be achieved. The same is true for the project operation of a complex system. The management accuracy and scale only need to ensure the survival of the project, and there is no need to control the details of the project with infinite approximation, otherwise the cost will skyrocket and kill the project.
In the process of gradually iteratively refining and approaching a complex system, powerful computing power of the computer is also needed to assist in recording all detailed iteration paths and project data, which will serve as the foundation for increasing iteration accuracy and expanding iteration in the next step. At the same time, the project management system is also a living map of the user, helping users to control the complex affairs that have been controlled in real time, and providing a basis for follow-up action plans.
Systems, mature products, and organizational structures that have been in operation for many years in the world usually require a team of thousands of people and decades of R&D accumulation in mature markets around the world. A large number of ready-made system architectures, product structure decompositions, and organizational and operating structures have been accumulated. The market microstructure corresponding to its industrial chain is usually a set of market operating rules, collaboration agreements, and compliance developed after hundreds of years of baptism, market competition, industry conflicts, technological revolutions, multiple economic cycles, and economic crises. Specifications, technical standards, data structures, collaboration processes, calculation and valuation, crisis and accident handling methods, risk control, decision-making, division of labor and other social production relations and elements, project management for these systems, products and organizational structures is neither necessary nor possible Instead of subverting and overthrowing the existing system architecture, product structure decomposition, and organizational operation structure, instead of innovating, changing, adjusting, iterating, and developing new parts on the basis of absorbing and inheriting the above relationship structure, project management at this time It takes a lot of cost and time to analyze the impact response of any change to the existing system architecture, product structure decomposition, and organizational operating structure to ensure that the change is beneficial to the system, product, and organization as a whole.
When a system, product, or organizational structure is relatively simple in the first few years or even decades from its appearance to its growth and growth, the amount of information and data is limited. Major decision-making changes are made by one or several bosses, and then layer by layer Decomposing it to the following to make more detailed decision-making changes can save a lot of communication and cooperation costs and improve organizational operating efficiency in the short term. However, after gradually growing and becoming more and more complex, the relationship between different parts of the system is increasingly showing a network structure. The detailed nodes in the network are exploding due to continuous innovation. Traditional superior managers cannot manage the explosive growth. The growing network of details within a product becomes increasingly difficult to break down. The R&D, design, production and distribution of products cannot be completed by simply using layer-by-layer decomposition and project planning methods to approve, decompose, assign tasks, and allocate quotas layer by layer. The relationship between supply and demand value reflected by the dynamic changes of internal transaction prices, the impact response to network value creation, creativity, technological innovation, implementation details, process details, etc. interaction and response bottom-up self-organization, spontaneous evolution, iteration and collaboration Development, handing over the explosive growth of product details and relationships to the internal micro-market management, and then use the quantitative investment platform to operate and maintain the micro-market structure and make upper-level decisions.
As the project investment liquidity operation system at the top of the corporate management system pyramid, building from scratch may require a lot of manpower and many years of work to barely build a working system, and the investment capital needs at least millions of RMB.
Like other information management systems, simply introducing and purchasing a set of mature technical solutions can launch a future-oriented and innovative dynamic project management and project investment operation system at a lower cost in a short period of time, such as simply introducing a set of Yibo The software cost of the project management system is usually hundreds of thousands of RMB, plus hardware, initial consulting services and other supporting human resources, etc., the total cost of ownership is usually less than one million RMB.
In this way, there can be a system that can be launched and operated to create value first. After creating value and saving costs, a small proportion of value creation can be extracted as a subsequent continuous evolution and customized budget, entering a virtuous development cycle.
The project management system technology is different from other technical products. The actual operation also needs to take into account the historical development and unique needs of the system, product and organization. The simply imported ready-made product system may not be able to fully cover the business. At the same time, based on the current actual business development of different companies , most of the functions of the full set of products may not be directly used, but it may still occupy a large amount of system operation and maintenance resources in the future, and may also require a large number of customized business and technical implementations with its own characteristics.
In the process of subsequent evolution and customization, the basic and mature technologies or platforms that can be directly adopted include: Windows Server series operating system, SQL Server series database, C++/C# programming language, ZeroMQ/NetMQ, basic database structure and business logic of existing products, Ready-made technical framework, front-end interface framework, communication message queue, etc. These technologies have been used by a large number of enterprises and companies around the world. At the same time, their supply chains and industrial chains have also been fully globalized. The use and operation and maintenance of products are relatively mature, and it is generally difficult to change due to a certain political event or person. Their commercial and industrial cooperation behavior can therefore reduce the total cost of ownership and production time through direct use. If these infrastructures are completely self-developed, any one of them may require hundreds of millions of funds, thousands of manpower, and decades of time to develop and stabilize. .
Middle-level basic algorithms, management calculations, data models, etc. can be built to reduce costs by purchasing or introducing ready-made papers, source codes, products, databases, and open source technologies. Public basic calculations are not much different.
High-level application management tools, business rules, valuation calculations, approval processes, risk control, etc. are the most cost-effective to adopt independent development or customized development.
With the continuous increase of project management business, the continuous development of various management tools, and the continuous growth of the number of internal projects, traditional manual project managers are increasingly unable to cope with a large amount of data. For mechanical project management strategies and optimization opportunity search, the business intelligence BI based on the project management cloud platform has many advantages that manual project managers do not have, such as: (1). Overcome the interference of project managers' psychological factors and deviate from the originally designed management strategy; (2). Simultaneous parallel interactive operation of multiple projects, multiple cycles, and multiple strategies; (3). Uninterrupted operation during working hours; (4). Automate the accumulation of mechanical management experience, freeing people's brains and eyes to do more (5). Use big data technology to search for project investment opportunities in the data ocean. Although business intelligence BI has many unique advantages that human project managers do not have, it does not mean that machines can completely replace people. Many complex decisions and small probability events that affect the survival of projects still rely on people to decide and execute them. Machines It just serves as an auxiliary means and tool, just like a means of transportation. With a car, people can travel thousands of miles a day, but the car still needs people to drive. Highways can make cars drive more, drivers and passengers more comfortable, and the cost of car operation and maintenance is lower. Similarly, the project management and business intelligence BI platform based on machine automation can play its role to the fullest only when the company's management infrastructure is fully considered in the actual operation and maintenance of the machine automation system. Although artificial intelligence-based unmanned driving technology has been put into the commercial testing stage, most scenarios are still oriented to simple road conditions, such as unmanned driving on highways, and unmanned driving is still powerless in the face of a large number of chaotic pedestrian roads. Therefore, the best project management platform design idea is not to completely replace people, but to design the best experience for human-computer interaction, enhance the over-control and comfort of platform drivers and passengers, realize the best human-machine combination, and maximize the use of machines. The powerful computing ability and the wisdom and innovation ability of the project manager and team members liberate the project manager and the project team from the massive manual data collection and analysis work, and concentrate on creative decision-making.
Traditional manual project management and investment analysis are usually divided into two parts: technical analysis and fundamental analysis. Among them, the technical analysis part has a high degree of data standardization, relatively strong universality of indicators between different projects, and quantitative data can reflect the real situation of the project. , so it is cost-effective to do technological innovation in this way, and it is suitable as the initial entry point of the project investment analysis platform. For unique projects or innovative projects without similar references, only model pricing investment analysis can be used. These project management methods can only rely on the manual fundamental analysis of project managers, such as project fields, technology collections, complexity, risk levels, and quality. Level, project operation, financial statements, industrial chain analysis, industry analysis, news analysis, public opinion analysis, etc. This kind of quantitative project management business intelligence BI analysis usually requires technologies such as artificial intelligence machine learning and classification decision-making based on natural language processing. Most of these scenarios are unstructured data, which usually require a lot of investment in data acquisition, collection, extraction, processing, cleaning, manual labeling, training, etc. The investment income has great uncertainty and risk. Therefore, in It is best to avoid investment in this area at the initial stage of project management platform construction. If it is really necessary, it is more cost-effective to input some operating parameters of the project management platform after manual processing.
Procedural project management decision-making replaces 80% of the mechanical work and decision-making of traditional project managers, such as data collection, simple calculation processing, conditional trigger signals for curve charts, and auxiliary chart compilation. However, there are still 20% more innovative analytical work that still needs to be done by human project analysts, which puts forward higher requirements for human project analysts. The work of junior project analysts has been replaced by machines, but the work of senior project analysts and senior project analysts cannot be replaced by machines. Senior project analysts and senior project analysts can no longer rely on the auxiliary work of junior project analysts, but directly Through human-computer interaction, the quantitative project management business intelligence BI platform helps it complete the work originally done by junior project analysts. At this time, the training method of project managers may be different from the original one. The original career development path of "entry project analyst->junior project analyst->intermediate project analyst->senior project analyst->senior project analyst" It was directly cut off as "Senior Project Analyst->Senior Project Analyst", but the growth of talents still needs to be grown up level by level. The career development path that is omitted can only be replaced by other methods, such as using Computer games and online games are used to simulate the advanced experience accumulation process of traditional project managers. Computer games and online games can also use the project management platform as the core and design a large number of artificial intelligence AI analysts, AI team members, and AI project events. A case of training as an Apprentice Program Analyst.
Through the design of computer games and online games, on the one hand, there are practical application scenarios to develop artificial intelligence AI analysts. After the intelligent algorithm gradually iteratively evolves, it can be considered to be gradually introduced into the actual automatic project management. On the other hand, apprentices Project analysts provide low-cost training and pre-career development paths. At the same time, in computer games and online game simulations that are combined or semi-combined with actual project management data, project operations are made by a large number of apprentice project analysts and team members. Decision-making data can be collected and processed as reference data for actual project operations.
When the project management platform was in operation in the early stage, the artificial intelligence application of the machine was mainly based on the programmatic logic intelligence of linear mechanical calculation, and the mechanical judgment was made through the combination of common analysis chart indicators for programmatic management, such as the project value creation curve and NPV Cash flow table, project trend analysis, resource fluctuation analysis, risk fluctuation index, quality fluctuation index, quality change impact response analysis, statistical analysis of quality level change after automated testing, etc. These simple procedures based on indicators can basically complete 80% of the automation problems, and the remaining 20% are decided by humans and drive the actual operation of the project management platform through parameters and control switches. This implementation method can make the project management platform very cost-effective in the early stage of construction, and you can see its huge role in the short term, just like a car, compared to human walking, it only uses mechanical physical principles and has already helped people far OK, that helped quite a bit. The further unmanned driving technology based on artificial intelligence neural network deep learning is a further development plan that can be considered in the follow-up. Compared with the previous progress, it has greater uncertainty, higher requirements, and greater risks. At the same time, it is basically impossible to jump directly to the second part without the previous step.